Kedu ihe bụ nhazi nke Surractants?

Dabere na ụdị e ji emepụta site na hydrophilic otu ahụ, enwere ike ikewa Surfacts ụzọ anọ: Anaionic, candic, zwonsic na nnọkọ.

Aonic Surractants

① saps

Ọ bụ nnu nke abụba dị elu, yana usoro izugbe: (RCOO) NM. Hydrocarbon acid hydrocarbon r bụ ihe dị ogologo nke 11 ruo 17 carbons, acid acid, oic acid na Lauric acid juru ebe niile. Dabere na ihe dị iche iche na-anọchi anya ya, enwere ike ekewa ya alkali ọla, alkaline ụwa nke ahịhịa na ofụ mita. Ha niile nwere ezigbo emulsics na ikike iwepu mmanụ. Ma a na-ebibi ngwa ngwa. Enwere ike iji sọlfọ na mmiri magnesium magnesium na-egbu egbu.

Alkali Metal Shiel: O / W

Uwa alkaline nke alkaline: w / o

Ihe eji eme ihe eji eme ihe: tritanolamine

② sulfates ro-so3-m

Tumadi mmanụ na-egbu egbu na mmiri na-egbu egbu. The na-egbu egbu hydrocarbon ka ọ dị n'etiti carbons 12 na 18. Onye nnọchi anya nke mmanụ sọlfọ a na-ete mmanụ mmanụ, a na-akpọkarị mmanụ uhie uhie. Mmanya na-egbu egbu na-achọ ka ọ bụrụ sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDD, sodium lauyl sulfate) na sodium abụba na-aba n'anya polyerylene eart sulfate (AES). SDS nwere emulfication siri ike, dịtụ ọka, ma na-eguzogide ọgwụ acid, calcium, na nnu magnesium. Na ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ, ọ nwere ike mepụta ọgwụ siri ike na ụfọdụ ihe na-enye ọgwụ mgbochi mucous, ma ejiri ya mee ihe eji eme ya, ma na-ejikwa nkwadebe siri ike dịka mbadamba. Sodium abụba na-aba n'anya polyexyylene eart na-enwe ike iguzogide mmiri siri ike, nwee ezigbo mmetụta na-arụ ọrụ.

③ sulfonates r-so3-m

Otu a gụnyere sulfonates sulfonates, alkyl arl sulfonates, na alkyl nafthalene sulfonates. Mmiri mmiri na calcium na calcium na-eguzogide na-emegide ya dị njọ karịa sulfates, mana ha anaghị adị mfe hrdsyzed na ngwọta acidion. Aliphatic sulfonates gụnyere: sodium selfonate (sas), sosol-ot estyl Etyl, wdg, nke enwere ike iji mee ka ọgwụ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ụzọ na-enweghị isi; sodium dodecylbentenene sulfonate nke alkyl sulfonates bụ ihe a na-ejikarị. A na-ejikarị nnu cholelitium dị ka sodium glycochate na sodium taurmote na-abụkarị ndị na-edozi maka monoguscerides na emulciers maka abụba na eriri afọ.

Candic Surractants

A na-akpọkarị ụgwọ dị mma na ụgwọ dị mma. Cation, nke a makwaara ncha dị mma, na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ. A na - ejikarị akụkụ ya bụ ihe eji eme ihe na - eme ihe na - eme ihe nkiri, nke bụ amnornerium pernoride (chlorhexidium), benzalkidium chloride (chlorhexidium), na-arụ ọrụ dị mma na abụọ usoro alkaline. N'ihi mmetụta nje ya siri ike, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe maka akpụkpọ anụ, mucous membranes, wdg, dịka ndị ọrụ nje na ngwọta na ngwọta na ngwọta.

Ampphoteric Surractants

Typedị a na-ahụ maka ya na ndị otu mara mma na nke na-adịghị mma na ihe owuwu ya, ma nwee ike igosipụta akụrụngwa nke cadic ma ọ bụ nanic soroctants na mgbasa ozi na ụkpụrụ POT.

① Lecikin

Lecithin bụ onye na-efe efe zatactant, tumadi site na soybeans na akwa yolks. Ihe mejupụtara Lecithin siri ezigbo ike ma ọ bụ ngwakọta nke ọtụtụ ogige. N'ihi isi mmalite ya dị iche iche, mmụba nke akụkụ ọ bụla ga-adị iche, ma si otu arụmọrụ ga-adị iche. Lecithin nwere mmetụta dị nro maka okpomọkụ, ngwa ngwa na-eme ihe nke acid, alkalinity na Ester, ma bụrụkwa ihe kacha mkpa maka nkwadebe nke emulsions na microparticles na lipido.

Ụdị acid ụdị a na-eteta

Amino acid na betaine bụ amphetic na sọlfọ, nke akụkụ ya bụ nke ammoxyylate nnu, nke bụ ihe na-enweghị atụ: R-NH-N + (Ch3) 2-Coa- 2-Cow. Njirimara ya bụ: na alkaline nke alkaline, o nwere akụrụngwa nke na-eme ihe na - emeninic, na ezi mmetụta na - egbu maramara; Na acidic acidic, o nwere akụrụngwa nke selkactants cantic, nwere ikike nje siri ike, mmetụta nje siri ike na-emetụta ma na-erughị caric surctants.

Na-abụghị ndị nnọchi anya

Abuba acty glycer

Tumatuma abụba acidlycerides na abụba actides dilerides, dịka monasteryl glyceryl. Na-egbochi mmiri, na-adị mfe hdrolyzed n'ime glycerl na abụba, anaghị arụ ọrụ, HLB Uru nke 3 ruo 4, na-ejikarị emulsirier.

Sucrese abụba acid acid

Sucose Ester maka mkpụmkpụ, bụ nke Polyol Pundị na-abụghị sara mbara sara mbara, gụnyere motoster, na-atọ ụtọ, na polysters. Enwere ike ibelata ya n'ime akwa na abụba na ahụ ma jiri ya mee ihe. HLB Uru bụ 5-13, na-ejikarị ya o / W emullifier na ndị na-achụsasị, ma bụkwa ihe mgbakwunye na-ejikarị nri.

Sorborn abụba acid

Ọ bụ ngwakọta nke ogige ester nwetara site na mmeghachi omume nke Sorbortan na Anhydride ya nwere abụba, na aha azụmahịa ya bụ Span. N'ihi ike ya siri ike, a na-ejikarị ya w / o emunsufier, ya na uru HLB nke 1.8-3.8, ma ejiri ya mee nza na ude. Agbanyeghị, Span 20 na Span 40 na-ejikarị o / w ka emulfers na-agbakọta na iri abụọ.

Polysusbate

Ọ bụ polyoxyethylene Sorton nke Acid Acid. Na fọdụrụ nke span, polloxyethylene jikọtara iji nweta onyinye e nwere, na aha ya bụ iri na abụọ. Typedị a na-eme ka a mụbaa nke ukwuu. HLB bara uru bụ 9.6-16.7, a na-ejikarị ya dị ka nke sol na O / W emullifier.

Polyoxyethlene abụba Ester

Ọ bụ ihe ekike site na mgbochi nke polyethylene glycol na ogologo na-adịte aka. Aha Azụmaahịa Myrin bụ otu n'ime ha. Ụdị a bụ mmiri na-agbanye mmiri ma nwee akụrụngwa emulsification siri ike. A na-ejikarị ya dị ka o / W emullifier na solibe.

Polyoxyethlene abụba na-egbu egbu

Ọ bụ nke a na-emepụta site na mmiri nke polyethylene glycol na abụba. Aha ahia Brij bụ otu n'ime ha. A na-ejikarị ya dị ka o / W emullifier na solibe.

Polyoxyethylene-polypylenene

O guzobere ya site na polymerization nke polyoxyethylene na polyoxyyylene, onye a makwaara dị ka policamer, na aha azụmahịa bụ Plancy.